Leverage Cargo's workspace inheritance feature (#4905)

* Leverage Cargo's workspace inheritance feature

This commit is an attempt to reduce the complexity of the Cargo
manifests in this repository with Cargo's workspace-inheritance feature
becoming stable in Rust 1.64.0. This feature allows specifying fields in
the root workspace `Cargo.toml` which are then reused throughout the
workspace. For example this PR shares definitions such as:

* All of the Wasmtime-family of crates now use `version.workspace =
  true` to have a single location which defines the version number.
* All crates use `edition.workspace = true` to have one default edition
  for the entire workspace.
* Common dependencies are listed in `[workspace.dependencies]` to avoid
  typing the same version number in a lot of different places (e.g. the
  `wasmparser = "0.89.0"` is now in just one spot.

Currently the workspace-inheritance feature doesn't allow having two
different versions to inherit, so all of the Cranelift-family of crates
still manually specify their version. The inter-crate dependencies,
however, are shared amongst the root workspace.

This feature can be seen as a method of "preprocessing" of sorts for
Cargo manifests. This will help us develop Wasmtime but shouldn't have
any actual impact on the published artifacts -- everything's dependency
lists are still the same.

* Fix wasi-crypto tests

crates/misc/component-test-util/Cargo.toml

@@ -2,12 +2,12 @@
 name = "component-test-util"
 authors = ["The Wasmtime Project Developers"]
 license = "Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2021"
+version = "0.0.0"
+edition.workspace = true
 publish = false
 
 [dependencies]
-env_logger = "0.9.0"
-anyhow = "1.0.19"
+env_logger = { workspace = true }
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
 arbitrary = { version = "1.1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-wasmtime = { path = "../../wasmtime", features = ["component-model"] }
+wasmtime = { workspace = true, features = ["component-model"] }