Leverage Cargo's workspace inheritance feature (#4905)

* Leverage Cargo's workspace inheritance feature

This commit is an attempt to reduce the complexity of the Cargo
manifests in this repository with Cargo's workspace-inheritance feature
becoming stable in Rust 1.64.0. This feature allows specifying fields in
the root workspace `Cargo.toml` which are then reused throughout the
workspace. For example this PR shares definitions such as:

* All of the Wasmtime-family of crates now use `version.workspace =
  true` to have a single location which defines the version number.
* All crates use `edition.workspace = true` to have one default edition
  for the entire workspace.
* Common dependencies are listed in `[workspace.dependencies]` to avoid
  typing the same version number in a lot of different places (e.g. the
  `wasmparser = "0.89.0"` is now in just one spot.

Currently the workspace-inheritance feature doesn't allow having two
different versions to inherit, so all of the Cranelift-family of crates
still manually specify their version. The inter-crate dependencies,
however, are shared amongst the root workspace.

This feature can be seen as a method of "preprocessing" of sorts for
Cargo manifests. This will help us develop Wasmtime but shouldn't have
any actual impact on the published artifacts -- everything's dependency
lists are still the same.

* Fix wasi-crypto tests

crates/cache/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,36 +1,36 @@
 [package]
 name = "wasmtime-cache"
-version = "2.0.0"
-authors = ["The Wasmtime Project Developers"]
+version.workspace = true
+authors.workspace = true
 description = "Support for automatic module caching with Wasmtime"
 license = "Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception"
 repository = "https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime"
 documentation = "https://docs.rs/wasmtime-cache/"
-edition = "2021"
+edition.workspace = true
 
 [dependencies]
-anyhow = "1.0"
+anyhow = { workspace = true }
 base64 = "0.13.0"
 bincode = "1.1.4"
 directories-next = "2.0"
 file-per-thread-logger = "0.1.1"
-log = { version = "0.4.8", default-features = false }
+log = { workspace = true }
 serde = { version = "1.0.94", features = ["derive"] }
 sha2 = "0.9.0"
 toml = "0.5.5"
 zstd = { version = "0.11.1", default-features = false }
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "windows")'.dependencies.windows-sys]
-version = "0.36.0"
+workspace = true
 features = [
   "Win32_System_Threading",
 ]
 
 [target.'cfg(not(target_os = "windows"))'.dependencies]
-rustix = { version = "0.35.10", features = ["process"] }
+rustix = { workspace = true, features = ["process"] }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 filetime = "0.2.7"
-once_cell = "1.12.0"
+once_cell = { workspace = true }
 pretty_env_logger = "0.4.0"
 tempfile = "3"